A hybrid of lactic acid bacteria and metal-organic frameworks potentiates photodynamic immunotherapy for hypoxia-targeted tumor eradication

Development of long-term effective cancer therapy remains a great challenge for both researchers and clinicians. Anaerobic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) possess intrinsic hypoxia tropism to be colonized in tumor niche, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) exhibit superior photodynamic responses upon light exposure. However, single treatment either LAB or MOFs yields unsatisfactory therapeutic outcome. In the present study, an LAB-based drug formulation is prepared locally generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) hypoxic precisely induce host immunity. These have been modified by zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 (ZIF-67) enriched niche after circulation. The fabricated facilitate delivery ZIF-67 into CT-26 cells, rapid evolution ROS detected bacterial hybrid induces shrinkage through vivo therapy, tumor-restricted inflammation attracts macrophages T cells subsequent elimination remaining cells. Our study provides material-bacteria platform active targeting self-immunotherapy.